Acetylene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon
called alkynes or acetylenes. The usefulness of Acetylene due to the variety of
triple bonds it forms as well as the weak hydrogen atoms are replaceable with
strong alkalies to form acetylide salts.
Acetylene is a compressed gas that is
stored in the liquid state and used as a fuel. When the cylinder valve is
opened, the pressure is released and that portion of the liquid gets converted
into gas. The tank should always be in an upright position with the acetylene valve end up for the
acetylene cylinder to work properly.
Acetylene is a colorless gas which has a
pleasant odor and is prepared by reaction of water with calcium carbide and
contains traces of phosphine imparting it a garlic-like odor. It is also
produced by passing a hydrocarbon through an electric arc or by partial
combustion of methane with oxygen or air. Pure acetylene when under more than
15 pounds psi pressure or in a liquid state or solid form explodes with extreme
violence
Industries where acetylene is used
Acetylene is used in the automotive and
transport equipment industry. It is a key component in automotive manufacture
as it provides a precise source of carbon for low pressure carburizing.
Acetylene is widely used in metal
fabrication, welding and cutting processes due to its property of flame
temperature. it is lighter than air so it does not collect at the bottom.
Acetylene is also used in the aerospace and
aircraft, glass, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry.
Storage and safe use of acetylene
With such a wide application that acetylene
has in various industries, it is very important to understand the gas and use
it safely to prevent accidents.
- Always store and transport acetylene cylinders in an upright position
- Use good quality cylinder valves that are designed to arrest flashback
- The operator must be trained to use this gas safely
Acetylene valves
For the safe use and storage of acetylene,
the best quality acetylene valves must be used.
The compressed gas association has defined standards that have to be
adopted for acetylene cylinder valves.
The different types of acetylene valves available are either operated by hand
or with a wrench. The placement of the
outlet may differ, which provides flexibility of use. Acetylene valves are
usually made of brass, which offer safety and durability. The O ring and the
seat placement ensure the cylinder valve is leak proof, while the bonnet nuts
are secured with a pin for guaranteed tightness.
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